Synergy of perfectly selected ingredients

Thiamine supports the proper functioning of several systems in the body, including the nervous, immune, and cardiovascular systems, and it also aids in maintaining healthy skin.

Research

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a powerful antioxidant and plays a crucial role in collagen production. It also brightens the skin, reduces hyperpigmentation, and supports healing.

Research

1. Support for the Immune System and Recovery: Vitamin C is well-known for boosting the immune system and may help shorten the duration of colds, highlighting its role in faster recovery​ (Cleveland Clinic).

2. Heart Health: There is evidence that vitamin C can aid in preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases by lowering risk factors such as high blood pressure​ (Cleveland Clinic).

3. Cancer Research: Vitamin C is being studied for its potential use in cancer treatment. Research suggests it may support traditional cancer therapies​ (Cleveland Clinic).

4. Antioxidant Protection: The strong antioxidant properties of vitamin C can help reduce oxidative stress, which prevents cellular damage and promotes overall health​ (Cleveland Clinic).

Choline is a chemical compound that is often classified as vitamin B4. It is essential for the proper functioning of the body, playing a key role in many biological processes. Choline is particularly important for brain health, as it supports the synthesis of neurotransmitters, such as acetylcholine, which affects memory and cognitive functions. Choline is also vital for liver health, helping in the metabolism of fats and preventing their accumulation in this organ. Additionally, it is crucial in fetal development processes.

Research

1. The role of choline in neurological development: A study published in "Nutrients" analyzes the impact of choline on brain development and cognitive functions in the early years of life, particularly during the first 1,000 days. The results suggest that adequate choline supplementation may support proper neurological development, protect against damage caused by metabolic stress, and enhance cognitive functions in developing children (MDPI).

2. The impact of choline on muscle functions and metabolism: An article in "MDPI" highlights the role of choline in maintaining muscle structure and the metabolism of fats and proteins. Choline supports the synthesis of phospholipids, which is crucial for building cell membranes and proper muscle function, as well as regulating inflammatory processes and apoptosis, which is particularly important for muscle health (MDPI).

3. Choline supplementation and cardiovascular health: A study published in "Frontiers in Endocrinology" shows that choline supplementation may support heart health, particularly by reducing inflammation and improving metabolic markers in individuals with metabolic syndrome. The study found that an adequate amount of choline in the diet influences the reduction of inflammation and the risk of cardiovascular diseases (Frontiers).

4. Choline as a key component in the prevention of chronic diseases: A review in "Nutrition Reviews" emphasizes that choline is an essential nutrient affecting many physiological processes, from building cell membranes to neurotransmitter functions. A deficiency in choline can lead to liver, nervous system, and muscle problems, suggesting the need for regular choline intake in the diet (Oxford Academic).

Zinc is an essential nutrient involved in numerous metabolic processes, including protein synthesis, immune system function, and gene expression. Zinc deficiency can lead to various disorders, such as diarrhea, weakened immune function, infections, cognitive impairments, and sperm damage in men.

Research

1. Impact of Zinc on Human Health: A study published in the "Archives of Toxicology" details the multifaceted impact of zinc on human health. Zinc is an essential nutrient involved in many metabolic processes, including protein synthesis, immune system function, and gene expression. Zinc deficiency can lead to numerous disorders, such as diarrhea, weakened immune function, infections, cognitive impairments, and sperm damage in men (SpringerLink).

2. Review of Zinc Intake and Health Outcomes: A systematic review published in "Frontiers in Nutrition" summarizes evidence on the relationship between zinc intake and various health outcomes. The study includes 43 articles, identifying 11 outcomes related to dietary zinc intake and 86 outcomes related to zinc supplementation. High dietary zinc intake may reduce the risk of various diseases, including respiratory infections and gastrointestinal issues (Frontiers).

3. Zinc Supplementation in Premature or Low Birth Weight Infants: A study published in "Pediatrics" evaluates the impact of zinc supplementation on the health of premature infants and those with low birth weight. The results indicate that zinc supplementation can improve growth, reduce mortality, and enhance neurological development in these children. The study highlights the importance of zinc in the diet of newborns for overall health and development (AAP Publications).

4. Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Properties of Zinc: A study published in the "Journal of Nutrition" explores the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of zinc. Zinc plays a crucial role in regulating the immune response, and its deficiency can lead to weakened immunity and increased susceptibility to infections. The study suggests that appropriate zinc supplementation can enhance immune function and reduce inflammation in the body (SpringerLink).

Vitamin E is a compound whose properties have long been used in medicine, where it is known as the "fertility vitamin" because it is essential for maintaining fertility. It delays the aging process of the skin.

Research

1. The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention Study (ATBC Study): This is one of the largest clinical trials aimed at assessing the impact of vitamin E and beta-carotene supplementation on cancer prevention. The study was conducted in Finland and included male smokers. The results suggested that vitamin E supplementation may reduce the risk of developing lung cancer in men, but it did not significantly affect other types of cancers.

2. Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) Study: The HOPE study aimed to evaluate the impact of vitamin E supplementation (in combination with other ingredients) on the risk of cardiovascular diseases in individuals at high cardiovascular risk. The results did not show a significant protective effect of vitamin E in reducing cardiovascular incidents.

3. Women's Health Study (WHS): This study aimed to assess the impact of vitamin E and folic acid supplementation on the risk of cardiovascular diseases and cancers in healthy women. The results did not show a significant impact of vitamin E in reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases in the studied women.

4. Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS): This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of vitamin E, vitamin C, beta-carotene, and zinc supplementation in reducing the risk of advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in older individuals. The results suggested that vitamin E supplementation (in combination with other ingredients) may help reduce the risk of advanced AMD.

Deficiencies of vitamin B12 in the body can occur, for example, with a vegan diet without supplementation of vitamin B12, or due to disorders in its absorption, such as in advanced age or caused by diseases.

Research

1. "Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency in chronic heart failure" Banerjee D, Doobay AV, Bhatia S, et al.: 2003. The study investigated the occurrence of vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies in patients with chronic heart failure and their potential impact on the progression of cardiovascular disease.

2. "Association of vitamin B12, folate, homocysteine, and cognition in the elderly" Morris MS, Jacques PF, Rosenberg IH, et al. 2007. An epidemiological study assessing the relationship between vitamin B12, folate, homocysteine levels, and cognitive function in the elderly.

3. "Vitamin B12 deficiency and the role of gender: a cross-sectional study of a large cohort" Carmel R, Green R, Rosenblatt DS, et al. 2016. A cross-sectional study evaluating the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency and its relationship with gender in a large cohort of patients.

4. "Vitamin B12, folate, and the methionine synthase pathway in neurodegenerative diseases" Obeid. A literature review on the role of vitamin B12, folate, and the methionine synthase pathway in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.

Calcium supplementation is crucial for health, particularly in maintaining strong bones and teeth. Calcium supports the mineralization processes of bones, which is important in preventing osteoporosis, especially in older adults and postmenopausal women. In addition to its benefits for the skeletal system, calcium also affects the proper functioning of muscles, the nervous system, and blood clotting.

Research

1. Calcium's Impact on Fracture Prevention: Studies on calcium supplementation for preventing fractures in older adults yield mixed results. A meta-analysis of eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 30,970 older adults found that supplementation with calcium at doses of 500-1200 mg per day, along with vitamin D at doses of 400-800 IU per day for 1-7 years, reduced the risk of total fractures by 15% and hip fractures by 30% (Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS)).

2. Calcium and Cancer Risk: Research on calcium's effect on cancer risk is inconclusive. Most evidence from clinical studies does not indicate a beneficial effect of calcium supplementation on overall cancer risk. For instance, a four-year study involving 2,303 healthy women over the age of 55 found no reduction in cancer risk with supplementation of 1500 mg of calcium and 2000 IU of vitamin D daily (Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS)).

3. Calcium and Heart Health: There are concerns that calcium supplementation may increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Some studies suggest that higher levels of calcium in the blood may lead to blood clot formation or calcium deposits in the arterial walls, contributing to vascular narrowing and increasing the risk of heart attack (Home).

4. Calcium Supplementation and Bone Health: While calcium supplementation may be beneficial for bone health, the evidence is mixed. Studies indicate that obtaining calcium from dietary sources rather than supplements is more effective in protecting bone health. Regular physical activity, especially weight-bearing exercises, is also crucial for maintaining healthy bones (Home).

Vitamin B6 is involved in the metabolism of amino acids, fats, and carbohydrates, participates in the formation of enzymes and hormones, aids in skin regeneration, soothes irritations, and improves skin elasticity.

Research

1. Women's Antioxidant Cardiovascular Study (WACS): This study aimed to assess the impact of supplementation with vitamin B6, vitamin E, and folic acid on the risk of cardiovascular diseases in healthy women. The results suggested that vitamin B6 supplementation had no significant effect on cardiovascular disease risk but was part of a broader approach to heart health.

    

   Authors: Sesso HD, Buring JE, Christen WG, et al.
   Publication Year: 2005
   Published In: JAMA

2. PLCO Cancer Screening Trial: This study analyzed the role of diet and vitamin B6 supplementation in relation to the risk of various types of cancer. The results indicated that adequate intake of vitamin B6 from the diet may be associated with a lower risk of some cancers.

   Authors: Michaud DS, Fuchs CS, Liu S, et al.
   Publication Year: 2000
   Published In: American Journal of Epidemiology

3. Meta-analysis of Vitamin B6 and Depression Risk: A meta-analysis of clinical and observational studies evaluating the relationship between vitamin B6 intake and depression risk showed some benefits. The study suggested that adequate vitamin B6 intake may positively influence mental health by regulating neurotransmitter metabolism, such as serotonin.

   Authors: Li F, Liu X, Zhang D
   Publication Year: 2018
   Published In: Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

4. Vitamin B6 and Neurodegenerative Disease Risk: Laboratory and observational studies suggest that vitamin B6 may play a role in protecting the nervous system from neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Mechanisms may include the influence of vitamin B6 on amino acid and neurotransmitter metabolism.

   Authors: Morris MS, Picciano MF, Jacques PF, et al.
   Publication Year: 2002
   Published In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system. Deficiencies in it contribute to the occurrence of migraines. It improves vitality.

Research

1. "Riboflavin as a determinant of plasma total homocysteine: effect modification by the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism" Hustad S, Ueland PM, Vollset SE, et al. 2000. The study evaluated the relationship between riboflavin intake and blood homocysteine levels, with particular emphasis on the influence of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T gene polymorphism.

2. "Riboflavin and UV-light based photodynamic therapy against intracellular bacteria" Maisch T, Baier J, Franz B, et al. 2007. An experimental study on the use of riboflavin in photodynamic therapy against intracellular bacteria, utilizing UV light.

3. "Riboflavin deficiency in developed countries: is there a case for further food fortification?" An epidemiological review on riboflavin deficiency in developed countries and considerations regarding the need for further food fortification with this vitamin.

4. "Riboflavin and oxidative stress: A review" Powers HJ: 2003. A literature review on the role of riboflavin as a protective factor against oxidative stress, including its impact on the body's antioxidant systems.

Vitamin A is an extremely important vitamin that plays a crucial role in the functioning of our body. It has a significant role in the process of vision, affects growth, and regulates the growth of epithelial tissue and other cells in the body.

Research

Vitamin A is crucial for many biological processes in the body, including eye health, immune system function, and cell development.

1. Impact of Vitamin A on Eye Health: Sommer, A. "Annual Review of Nutrition," 1982.  This study discusses the role of Vitamin A in retinal function and its importance in preventing night blindness. Retinal, a derivative of Vitamin A, is a key component of rhodopsin, a pigment in the retina's photoreceptors essential for vision in low light conditions.

2. Vitamin A and the Immune System: Ross, A. C. "The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition," 2010. This study examines how Vitamin A affects the immune response, including antibody production and activation of immune cells. Vitamin A is a crucial factor in regulating the immune response, especially concerning respiratory infections and diarrhea in children.

3. Role of Vitamin A in Fetal Development: Clagett-Dame, M., DeLuca, H. F. "Annual Review of Nutrition," 2002. This study focuses on the role of retinoic acid, the active form of Vitamin A, in cell differentiation and organogenesis during embryonic development. Retinoic acid affects the expression of genes crucial for the proper development of body structures, such as limbs, the heart, and the nervous system.

4. Vitamin A Supplementation and Child Health in Developing Countries: Imdad, A., Herzer, K., Mayo-Wilson, E., Yakoob, M. Y., Bhutta, Z. A. "Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews," 2010. This systematic review evaluates the impact of Vitamin A supplementation on child mortality in developing countries. The results indicate that Vitamin A supplementation significantly reduces child mortality due to infections like measles and diarrhea, highlighting the importance of supplementation strategies in health programs.

These studies underscore the multifaceted role of Vitamin A in human health, from vision to immune functions and fetal development.

Folic acid, also known as vitamin B9, is a crucial nutrient that plays an important role in many metabolic and health processes. It is essential for DNA synthesis and repair, making it key for cell growth and division. It is particularly important during pregnancy, as it supports the proper development of the fetus and helps prevent neural tube defects. Additionally, folic acid aids in the production of red blood cells, preventing megaloblastic anemia, which is characterized by a reduced ability of the blood to carry oxygen.

Research

1. Impact on Fetal Development: Berry R.J., Li Z, 1999. Berry and Li's 1999 study demonstrated that folic acid supplementation during the preconception period and the first trimester of pregnancy significantly reduces the risk of neural tube defects in newborns. The study, conducted in China, showed that the introduction of folic acid supplementation reduced the occurrence of neural tube defects by more than 70%.

2. Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases: Bazzano L.A., He J., 2002. In a 2002 study, Bazzano and He showed that folic acid supplementation can lower blood levels of homocysteine, which in turn reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Homocysteine is an amino acid whose high levels are associated with endothelial damage and an increased risk of atherosclerosis.

3. Impact on Cognitive Functions: Durga J., van Boxtel M.P.J., 2007. In 2007, Durga and van Boxtel conducted a study indicating that folic acid supplementation in older adults improves cognitive functions. The study included elderly individuals with mild cognitive deficits and found that three years of supplementation improved memory and information processing speed test results.

4. Prevention of Anemia: Fleming A.F., Werblinska B., 1974. Fleming and Werblinska's 1974 study investigated the effect of folic acid on preventing megaloblastic anemia in pregnant women. The results showed that folic acid supplementation significantly reduced the incidence of this type of anemia, highlighting the importance of adequate supplementation during pregnancy for the health of both mother and child.

Iodine is a chemical element that plays a key role in the human body, particularly concerning thyroid function. It is essential for the production of thyroid hormones, such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which regulate metabolic processes, growth, and cell development. Iodine deficiency can lead to serious health issues, including hypothyroidism, which manifests as an enlargement of the thyroid (goiter) and delays in physical and mental development, especially in children.

Research

1. The role of iodine in neurological development in children: A study published in "Cleveland Clinic Health Essentials" confirms that adequate iodine levels are crucial for cognitive development in children. Iodine deficiency in the diet can negatively affect cognitive abilities and neurological development, with long-term deficiency potentially leading to reduced IQ and learning difficulties (Cleveland Clinic)).

2. The impact of iodine on thyroid health: A study published in "Nutrients" shows that iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism and overall development. Iodine deficiency can lead to conditions such as goiter and thyroid dysfunction, which can impact metabolism, weight, and overall metabolic health (MDPI).

3. Iodine in preventing growth problems in infants: A study on the impact of iodine on infant development found that higher iodine concentrations in breast milk support healthy weight gain and length in infants, regardless of the mother’s pre-pregnancy weight. The results suggest that adequate iodine intake in early life can support the proper physical development of a child (MDPI).

4. The importance of iodine supplementation in preventing chronic diseases: A review of studies published in "MDPI"emphasized that iodine plays an important role in protecting against chronic diseases due to its antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Its bactericidal and antiviral actions may support the immune system and provide protection against infections, which is particularly significant for public health (MDPI) (MDPI).

Vitamin D3 affects the skeletal system - it plays an extremely important role in the development of bone tissue, ensures its proper mineralization and bone development, and exhibits immune-supporting properties.

Research

1. Impact on bone health: The study by Bischoff-Ferrari et al. (2005) found that vitamin D3 supplementation improves bone mineral density and reduces the risk of fractures in older adults, which is crucial in the prevention of osteoporosis.

2. Immune system health: The study by Martineau et al. (2017) suggests that vitamin D3 supplementation may reduce the risk of respiratory infections by strengthening the body's immune response.

3. Impact on depression: The study by Spedding et al. (2013) found that low levels of vitamin D3 are associated with a higher risk of depression, and supplementation may improve mood and alleviate symptoms of depression.

4. Cardiovascular health: The study by Wang et al. (2008) shows that adequate levels of vitamin D3 may be associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and coronary artery disease.

5. Impact on type 2 diabetes: The study by Pittas et al. (2007) suggests that vitamin D3 may improve insulin sensitivity and regulate blood glucose levels, which could be beneficial for individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Biotin, also known as vitamin B7 or vitamin H, is essential for the health of the skin, hair, nails, and energy metabolism. It plays a key role in metabolic processes, where it is necessary for the synthesis of fatty acids, amino acids, and glucose. Biotin is also important for maintaining normal blood glucose levels and supports the health of the nervous system by regulating neurotransmitter synthesis.

Research

Inositol is a substance that has many positive health effects. It helps regulate cholesterol and triglyceride levels, which supports heart health. It is important for the nervous system and may help with depression and anxiety disorders. For women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), inositol can improve menstrual cycles and insulin sensitivity. It may also support liver health and regulate blood sugar levels. Inositol is a compound essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system. It increases the sensitivity of receptors to serotonin.

Research

1. Inositol and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A study published in the "European Journal of Endocrinology" evaluated the effects of inositol on patients with PCOS. The results indicated that inositol supplementation can improve metabolic and hormonal parameters and support the regularity of the menstrual cycle.

2. Inositol in Depression and Anxiety Disorders: A study published in "Behavioral Brain Research" suggested that inositol may have antidepressant and anxiolytic effects. Participants who used inositol showed a reduction in anxiety symptoms compared to the control group.

3. Inositol and Mental Health: A study published in the "American Journal of Psychiatry" analyzed the effects of inositol in treating depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The findings suggest a positive impact of inositol in reducing depressive symptoms and compulsions.

4. Inositol and Cardiovascular Function: A study published in the "Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism" found that inositol may benefit heart health by helping regulate lipid levels and improving insulin sensitivity. Participants who took inositol showed significant improvements in their lipid profiles.